瑙嗛骞冲彴鍙ｇ鍒嗘瀽鍏ㄦ敾鐣ワ細鎸囧崡浠庡叆闂ㄥ埌杩涢樁
鍦ㄥ綋浠婂唴瀹逛负鐜嬬殑鏃朵唬锛岃棰戝钩鍙板凡鎴愪负淇℃伅浼犳挱銆佸ū涔愭秷璐逛互鍙婂搧鐗屼簰鍔ㄧ殑閲嶈闃靛湴銆傛捣閲忓唴瀹圭殑鑳屽悗锛岀敤鎴风殑鎯呮劅銆佹€佸害鍜岃瘎浠封€斺€斾篃灏辨槸鈥滃彛纰戔€濓紝鏄奖鍝嶅钩鍙板彂灞曘€佸唴瀹圭瓥鐣ヤ箖鑷冲晢涓氬喅绛栫殑鍏抽敭鍥犵礌銆傛帉鎻″浣曟繁鍏ュ垎鏋愯棰戝钩鍙扮殑鍙ｇ锛屼笉浠呰兘甯姪鍐呭鍒涗綔鑰呬紭鍖栦綔鍝侊紝涔熻兘璁╁钩鍙版柟鏇寸簿鍑嗗湴鎶婃彙鐢ㄦ埛闇€姹傦紝鏇磋兘璁╁搧鐗屾柟鎵惧埌涓庣洰鏍囧彈浼楁矡閫氱殑鏈€浣宠矾寰勩€?/p>
杩欑瘒鏀荤暐灏嗗甫浣犱粠鍏ラ棬绾х殑姒傚康鐞嗚В锛岄€愭杩涢樁鍒颁笓涓氱骇鐨勫垎鏋愭柟娉曪紝璁╀綘鎴愪负涓€鍚嶅嚭鑹茬殑瑙嗛骞冲彴鍙ｇ鍒嗘瀽甯堛€?/p>
绗竴绔狅細鍏ラ棬绡団€斺€斾负浣曡鍏虫敞瑙嗛骞冲彴鍙ｇ锛?/h3>
鍦ㄦ垜浠繁鍏ユ帰璁ㄥ垎鏋愭柟娉曚箣鍓嶏紝鍏堟潵鍘樻竻鍑犱釜鍩烘湰闂锛?/p>
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浠€涔堟槸瑙嗛骞冲彴鍙ｇ锛? 鍙ｇ锛岀畝鍗曟潵璇达紝灏辨槸鐢ㄦ埛瀵规煇涓€瑙嗛骞冲彴銆佸钩鍙颁笂鐨勭壒瀹氬唴瀹癸紙濡傛煇閮ㄥ墽銆佹煇涓猆P涓荤殑浣滃搧锛夋垨骞冲彴鍔熻兘锛堝鎺ㄨ崘绠楁硶銆佸脊骞曚簰鍔級鎵€褰㈡垚鐨勭患鍚堣瘎浠峰拰鎯呮劅鍙嶅簲銆傚畠浣撶幇鍦ㄧ敤鎴风殑璇勮銆佺偣璧炪€佸垎浜€佸悙妲斤紝鐢氳嚦鏄鍐呭鐢熶骇鑰呫€佸钩鍙扮殑绉瀬鎴栨秷鏋佺殑鍙ｅご浼犳挱銆?/p>
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瑙嗛骞冲彴鍙ｇ鐨勯噸瑕佹€т綋鐜板湪鍝噷锛?/p>
- 鍐呭浼樺寲涓庡垱鏂帮細 鐢ㄦ埛鐪熷疄鐨勫弽棣堟槸鏀硅繘鍐呭銆佸彂鐜版柊瓒嬪娍鐨勫疂璐靛湡澹ゃ€傝礋闈㈠彛纰戣兘鐐逛寒闂锛屾闈㈠彛纰戝垯鑳芥寚鏄庡彈娆㈣繋鐨勬柟鍚戙€?/li>
- 鐢ㄦ埛鐣欏瓨涓庡闀匡細 鑹ソ鐨勫彛纰戞槸鍚稿紩鏂扮敤鎴枫€佺暀浣忚€佺敤鎴风殑鏈€鐩存帴鍔ㄥ姏銆傚樊璇勫娼殑骞冲彴锛岀敤鎴疯嚜鐒朵細鐢ㄨ剼鎶曠エ銆?/li>
- 鍝佺墝浠峰€间笌褰卞搷鍔涳細 瀵逛簬鍝佺墝鏂硅€岃█锛岃棰戝钩鍙扮殑鍙ｇ鐩存帴鍏崇郴鍒板叾骞垮憡鎶曟斁鏁堟灉銆佸搧鐗屽舰璞＄殑濉戦€犱互鍙婁笌娼滃湪娑堣垂鑰呯殑杩炴帴娣卞害銆?/li>
- 骞冲彴绛栫暐鍒跺畾锛?/strong> 鏃犺鏄唴瀹瑰鏍搞€佺畻娉曟帹鑽愯繕鏄ぞ鍖鸿繍钀ワ紝鍙ｇ鍒嗘瀽閮戒负骞冲彴鍐崇瓥鎻愪緵浜嗘暟鎹敮鎾戝拰鐢ㄦ埛瑙嗚銆?/li>
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鍙ｇ鍒嗘瀽鐨勫父瑙佽鍖猴細
- 鍙湅鐐硅禐/宸瘎鏁帮細 鏁伴噺涓嶇瓑浜庤川閲忥紝鏇翠笉绛変簬鎯呮劅鐨勭湡瀹炴€с€?/li>
- 蹇借璐熼潰璇勪环锛?/strong> 璐熼潰鎰忚寰€寰€鍖呭惈鏈€娣卞埢鐨勬敼杩涘缓璁€?/li>
- 杩囧害渚濊禆涓昏鎰熷彈锛?/strong> 缂轰箯閲忓寲鍜岀粨鏋勫寲鐨勫垎鏋愶紝瀹规槗澶辩劍銆?/li>
- 蹇界暐鏁版嵁鑳屽悗鐨勨€滀汉鈥濓細 鎵€鏈夌殑鍙ｇ閮芥潵鑷湡瀹炵殑鐢ㄦ埛銆?/li>
绗簩绔狅細鍩虹绡団€斺€旀暟鎹敹闆嗕笌鍒濇娲炲療
宸ユ鍠勫叾浜嬶紝蹇呭厛鍒╁叾鍣ㄣ€傚湪杩涜鍙ｇ鍒嗘瀽鍓嶏紝鎴戜滑闇€瑕佹湁鏁堝湴鏀堕泦鏁版嵁锛屽苟瀵瑰叾杩涜鍒濇鐨勬⒊鐞嗐€?/p>
2.1 鏁版嵁鏉ユ簮锛氫綘鐨勨€滄儏鎶ョ綉鈥?/h4>
-
骞冲彴鍐呴儴鏁版嵁锛?/p>
- 璇勮鍖猴細 杩欐槸鏈€鐩存帴銆佹渶涓板瘜鐨勫彛纰戞潵婧愩€傚寘鎷枃瀛楄瘎璁恒€佸洖澶嶃€佺偣璧?鐐硅俯銆?/li>
- 寮瑰箷锛?/strong> 瀹炴椂銆佺鐗囧寲鐨勬儏鎰熻〃杈撅紝甯稿甫鏈夊嵆鏃跺弽搴斿拰缇や綋鎯呯华銆?/li>
- 鐢ㄦ埛璇勫垎锛?/strong> 鐩磋鐨勭敤鎴锋弧鎰忓害鎸囨爣銆?/li>
- 绀惧尯璁ㄨ鍖?璁哄潧锛?/strong> 鐢ㄦ埛鏇存繁鍏ャ€佺郴缁熷寲鐨勮璁恒€?/li>
- 鐢ㄦ埛涓炬姤/鍙嶉锛?/strong> 鐢ㄦ埛璁や负骞冲彴鎴栧唴瀹瑰瓨鍦ㄩ棶棰樼殑鐩存帴琛ㄨ揪銆?/li>
-
骞冲彴澶栭儴鏁版嵁锛?/p>
- 绀句氦濯掍綋锛?/strong> 寰崥銆佺煡涔庛€佽眴鐡ｃ€佸皬绾功绛夊钩鍙颁笂鐨勭敤鎴疯璁恒€佽瘽棰樻爣绛俱€?/li>
- 鏂伴椈鎶ラ亾涓庤涓氳瘎璁猴細 濯掍綋瀵瑰钩鍙版垨鍐呭鐨勫瑙傝瘎浠枫€?/li>
- 琛屼笟鎶ュ憡锛?/strong> 瀵圭敤鎴疯涓哄拰甯傚満瓒嬪娍鐨勫畯瑙傚垎鏋愩€?/li>
2.2 鍒濇鏁版嵁澶勭悊锛氳鏁版嵁鈥滆璇濃€?/h4>
- 鍏抽敭璇嶆彁鍙栵細 璇嗗埆璇勮涓弽澶嶅嚭鐜扮殑璇嶈锛屽鈥滃ソ鐪嬧€濄€佲€滈毦鐪嬧€濄€佲€滃お鎱⑩€濄€佲€滄洿鏂扳€濄€佲€滄紨鎶€鈥濄€佲€滃墽鎯呪€濄€佲€滄帹鑽愨€濈瓑銆?/li>
- 鎯呮劅鍊惧悜鍒ゆ柇锛堝垵姝ワ級锛?/strong>
- 姝ｉ潰璇嶆眹锛?/strong> 鍠滄銆佹敮鎸併€佺簿褰┿€佹帹鑽愩€佽壇蹇冦€佺粷浜嗏€︹€?/li>
- 璐熼潰璇嶆眹锛?/strong> 鐑傘€佺碂绯曘€佸け鏈涖€佹棤鑱娿€佸箍鍛婂銆乥ug鈥︹€?/li>
- 涓€ц瘝姹囷細 鏇存柊銆佸墽鎯呫€佷汉鐗┾€︹€?/li>
- 琛ㄦ儏绗﹀彿锛?/strong> 馃憤, 馃槀, 馃槶, 馃槧 绛変篃鑳借緟鍔╁垽鏂€?/li>
- 鏁版嵁娓呮礂锛?/strong> 鍘婚櫎鏃犲叧淇℃伅锛堝骞垮憡銆佹按鍐涘埛灞忥級锛岀粺涓€鏁版嵁鏍煎紡銆?/li>
灏忔妧宸э細 杩欎竴闃舵锛孍xcel銆丟oogle Sheets 閰嶅悎绠€鍗曠殑鏂囨湰鎼滅储鍜岀瓫閫夊氨鑳藉畬鎴愬ぇ閮ㄥ垎宸ヤ綔銆?/p>
绗笁绔狅細杩涢樁绡団€斺€旀繁搴﹀垎鏋愭柟娉曚笌宸ュ叿
褰撴湁浜嗗垵姝ョ殑鏁版嵁娲炲療鍚庯紝鎴戜滑闇€瑕佹洿涓撲笟鐨勬柟娉曟潵鎸栨帢鍙ｇ鑳屽悗鐨勬繁灞傚惈涔夈€?/p>
3.1 瀹氭€у垎鏋愶細鐞嗚В鈥滀负浠€涔堚€?/h4>
- 涓婚鑱氱被锛?/strong> 灏嗙浉浼肩殑璇勮褰掔被銆備緥濡傦紝鍏充簬鈥滃墽鎯卋ug鈥濈殑璇勮銆佸叧浜庘€滄紨鍛樿〃鐜扳€濈殑璇勮銆佸叧浜庘€滅壒鏁堝埗浣溾€濈殑璇勮銆傝繖鑳藉府鍔╂垜浠瘑鍒敤鎴锋渶鍏冲績鐨勯棶棰樼偣銆?/li>
- 鎯呮劅寮哄害鍒嗘瀽锛?/strong> 涓嶄粎鍖哄垎姝ｉ潰璐熼潰锛岃繕瑕佽 閲忔儏鎰熺殑婵€鐑堢▼搴︺€傗€滆繕涓嶉敊鈥濆拰鈥滄儕涓哄ぉ浜衡€濈殑鎯呮劅寮哄害鏄笉鍚岀殑銆?/li>
- 鐢ㄦ埛鐢诲儚鍒嗘瀽锛?/strong> 缁撳悎鐢ㄦ埛鍩烘湰淇℃伅锛堝鏋滃彲寰楋級鎴栧叾璇勮椋庢牸锛屽垎鏋愪笉鍚岀兢浣撳鍐呭鎴栧钩鍙扮殑鐪嬫硶宸紓銆備緥濡傦紝骞磋交鐢ㄦ埛鏇寸湅閲嶁€滃垱鎰忊€濓紝鑰岃祫娣辩敤鎴峰彲鑳芥洿鍏虫敞鈥滄繁搴︹€濄€?/li>
- 鍦烘櫙鍖栧垎鏋愶細 鐞嗚В鐢ㄦ埛鍦ㄤ綍绉嶅満鏅笅浜х敓浜嗘煇绉嶅彛纰戙€傛槸鍦ㄨ鐪嬭繃绋嬩腑鈥滃悙妲解€濓紵杩樻槸鐪嬪畬鍚庘€滃畨鍒┾€濓紵
3.2 瀹氶噺鍒嗘瀽锛氱敤鏁板瓧璇磋瘽
- 鎯呮劅鍒嗘瀽锛堣繘闃讹級锛?/strong> 鍒╃敤鑷劧璇█澶勭悊锛圢LP锛夋妧鏈紝瀵规枃鏈繘琛屾洿绮惧噯鐨勬儏鎰熸瀬鎬э紙姝ｉ潰/璐熼潰/涓€э級鍜屾儏鎰熷己搴﹁瘎鍒嗐€?ul>
- 宸ュ叿鎺ㄨ崘锛?/strong> Python (NLTK, spaCy, TextBlob), R (Sentiment Analysis packages), 鎴栦竴浜涘湪绾跨殑鏂囨湰鎯呮劅鍒嗘瀽API銆?/li>
鍏抽敭璇嶈瘝棰戜笌鍏辩幇鍒嗘瀽锛?/strong>
- 楂橀璇嶏細 鎻ず璁ㄨ鐨勬牳蹇冧富棰樸€?/li>
- 璇嶈鍏辩幇锛?/strong> 鍒嗘瀽鍝簺璇嶈缁忓父涓€璧峰嚭鐜帮紝渚嬪鈥滃墽鎯呪€濆拰鈥滄嫋娌撯€濓紝鈥滅壒鏁堚€濆拰鈥滅偢瑁傗€濄€傝繖鑳芥彮绀虹敤鎴疯瘎浠风殑鍏蜂綋缁村害銆?/li>
- 宸ュ叿鎺ㄨ崘锛?/strong> Python (jieba, WordCloud), Gephi (鐢ㄤ簬鍙鍖栫綉缁滃浘)銆?/li>
璇濋妯″瀷锛圱opic Modeling锛夛細 杩愮敤 LDA (Latent Dirichlet Allocation) 绛夌畻娉曪紝鑷姩鍙戠幇鏂囨湰鏁版嵁涓殣钘忕殑鈥滆瘽棰樷€濓紝濡傗€滄€€鏃ф儏鎬€鈥濄€佲€滄妧鏈潻鏂扳€濄€佲€滅敤鎴蜂綋楠岀棝鐐光€濈瓑銆?/li>
鐢ㄦ埛琛屼负涓庡彛纰戝叧鑱斿垎鏋愶細 鍒嗘瀽鐐硅禐銆佽瘎璁恒€佸垎浜瓑琛屼负涓庣敤鎴锋弧鎰忓害涔嬮棿鐨勫叧绯汇€備緥濡傦紝楂樹簰鍔ㄧ巼鐨勫唴瀹规槸鍚﹂€氬父鍙ｇ鏇村ソ锛?/li>
3.3 鏁版嵁鍙鍖栵細璁╁垎鏋愮粨鏋滄洿鐩磋
- 璇嶄簯鍥撅細 鐩磋灞曠ず楂橀鍏抽敭璇嶃€?/li>
- 鎯呮劅鍒嗗竷楗煎浘/鏌辩姸鍥撅細 灞曠ず姝ｉ潰銆佽礋闈€佷腑鎬ц瘎浠风殑姣斾緥銆?/li>
- 瓒嬪娍鍥撅細 灞曠ず涓€娈垫椂闂村唴鍙ｇ鍙樺寲锛堝璇勫垎銆佹儏鎰熷€惧悜锛夌殑瓒嬪娍銆?/li>
- 鍏崇郴缃戠粶鍥撅細 灞曠ず鍏抽敭璇嶄箣闂寸殑鍏宠仈鎬с€?/li>
- 鍦板浘鍙鍖栵細 濡傛灉鏈夊湴鍩熶俊鎭紝鍙互鍒嗘瀽涓嶅悓鍦板尯鐢ㄦ埛鐨勫彛纰戝樊寮傘€?/li>
宸ュ叿鎺ㄨ崘锛?Tableau, Power BI, Python (Matplotlib, Seaborn, Plotly), Google Data Studio銆?/p>
绗洓绔狅細瀹炶返绡団€斺€斿浣曡繍鐢ㄥ彛纰戝垎鏋愭寚瀵艰鍔紵
鍒嗘瀽鐨勬渶缁堢洰鐨勬槸涓轰簡鎸囧瀹炶返锛岃鍙ｇ鍒嗘瀽鐪熸鍙戞尌浠峰€笺€?/p>
- 瀵瑰唴瀹瑰垱浣滆€咃細
- 鍐呭鏀硅繘锛?/strong> 鏍规嵁璐熼潰鍙ｇ锛岃皟鏁村墽鎯呫€佹彁鍗囧埗浣滄按鍑嗐€佷紭鍖栧壀杈戙€?/li>
- 鍐呭鍒涙柊锛?/strong> 璇嗗埆鐢ㄦ埛鍠滄鐨勪富棰樸€侀鏍笺€佹ˉ娈碉紝浣滀负鏈潵鍒涗綔鐨勭伒鎰熴€?/li>
- 鐢ㄦ埛浜掑姩锛?/strong> 绉瀬鍥炲璇勮锛屼笌鐢ㄦ埛寤虹珛鑹ソ娌熼€氾紝澧炲己绮樻€с€?/li>
- 瀵瑰钩鍙版柟锛?/strong>
- 绠楁硶浼樺寲锛?/strong> 鐞嗚В鐢ㄦ埛鍋忓ソ锛岃皟鏁存帹鑽愮畻娉曪紝鎻愬崌鍐呭鍖归厤搴︺€?/li>
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